Four Most Common Ideas For Stormwater Management

Stormwater management is the way to eliminate flooding due to rainwater or melted snow by allowing more and more water to be absorbed within the ground. This technique is especially useful for urban areas because there are fewer open spaces and greenery to absorb the water naturally. Here are some common techniques used in stormwater attenuation.
1) Dry Detention Basins
In this technique, dry ponds are created that stores the runoff water. The stored water becomes cleaner after a few days because the pollutants and particles settle to the bottom. There is an outlet in the pond that releases the water into a stream or storm sewer system. While dry retention basins function very well, the only drawback is that it requires a very large space.
2) Retention Basins
Retention basins are artificial ponds that treat stormwater runoff by following the water treatment capabilities of natural watersheds. The sediments on the bottom of the lake allow the pollutants, organic matter and metals to be filtered. Unlike dry detention basins, retention basins maintain a constant level of water. Thus, it is crucial to construct this system on highly permeable soil as it would allow water to be absorbed more quickly.
3) Sand Filters
Comprising two to three chambers, this filtration system effectively removes pollutants from stormwater runoff, thereby immediately purifying the water that passes through it. Its first chamber comprises sedimentation that filters large particles present in the runoff water. The second chamber comprises a sand bed that filters finer pollutants through it. They effectively treat dirty runoff water from paved surfaces.
4) Vegetated Swale
Vegetated swales are open channels that are lined by grasses and lush vegetation from sides. These shallow channels are specially engineered to slow stormwater runoff. This technique of stormwater management is only effective in areas that support dense patches of vegetation. It can be used alone; but in areas that receive more rainfall and storm, it is unable to withstand high water flow, and thus, used in conjunction with other stormwater management techniques.

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